Television apparatus



pawn-M5 23, 1932- M. CENTENO v.

I TELEVISION APPARATUS Filed April 14, 1931 7 Sheets-Sheet l 8 ar- 59 illlllllllllll Melchor Oenteno V INVENTOR BY 4/ ATTLORNEY Aug. 23, 1932. ENTENO v 1,873,696

TELEVIS ION APPARATUS Filed April 14, 1931 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 11162 37207 @egzteno V. I

' Q I INVENTOR fl BY a d 7 b mo n g- 23, M. CENTENO v TELEVISION APPARATUS Filed April 14, 1931 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 .MeZchor 0e21te210 V INVENTOR b0, ATTORNEY 23, 1932- M. CENTENO v TELEVIS ION APPARATUS Filed April 14, 1931 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 flelchor Gen teno V INVENTOR 0/)1, ATTORNEY Aug. 23, 1932. CENTENO v 1,873,696

TELEVISION APPARATUS Filed April 14, 1931 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 fife/Z0720?" den tano-V (2 ,6 a ATTORNEY INVENTOR Aug. 23, 1932. TEN v 1,873,696.

TELEVI S ION APPARATUS Filed April 14, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 ATTORNEY Aug. 23, 1932. M. CENTENO v TELEVISION APPARATUS Filed April 14, 1951 7 Sheets- Sheet 7 FROMAMFZ/f/ER .W/eZo harJente/no V m ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 23, 1932 PATENT OFFICE ivinncnon c'rmrnno v.',for ceRAcAs, VE EZUELA TELEVISION APPARATUS Application filed. A ril 14,

The present invention relates to television systems and apparatus in general. 7 i i The primary Object of the presentinvention is to provide a novel arrangement whereby a single light source may be used for simultaneously scanning an object and tracing an image in a two-way television system.

Another object is to provide a novel light source adapted foruse in thearrangement referred to in the preceding paragraph.

A further object is to provide a novel ap paratus for producing vibratory motionof the vibrable mirror used in a television system for tracing the image and scanning the object. f r

Other obj ects reside in detail improvements in apparatus used in a television system so as to secure greater reliability and simplicity of apparatus.

Various objects, advantages or features will be pointed out in the followingspecification and claims or will be apparent from a study thereof and of the accompanying drawings which illustrate several forms of embodiment of the invention.

In the drawings: 7 q I Fig. 1 is a front elevation of; one form of embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged front view of the low frequency vibratory frame showing details of its construction and with the high frequency frame removed. Y i

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged front elevation of the high frequency vibratory frame. r

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken substantially on the line 55 of Fig. 4.

I Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken sub-' stantially on the line 66 of Fig.4.

Fig. 7 is a detail view on a large scale of the means for tightening the supporting strings of the low frequency vibratory frame.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section taken on the line I 88 of Fig. 7.

Fig 9 is a front elevation of a modified form which may be used.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section taken on the line 1010 of Fig. 9. v

Fig 11 is a large scale view in elevation of line 2040 1; Fig. 19.

1 frequency vibratory frame.

be usedas a light source in the arrangement 1:331. Serial No 530,0 9.

Fig. 15 illustrates a modified arrangement for securing the high'frequency vibrations of the mirror. v

Fig. 16 is a vertical section line l6l6 of Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a detail view showing the manner in which the vibratory member carrying the mirror is mounted on the tensioned supportmgstring.

Fig. 18 is a detailview of the means for tensioning the supporting string shown -in Fig. 1. I

Fig. 19 illustrates a further modification of the arrangement for poducing high frequency vibration of the mirror. 7 r

Fig. 20 is a vertical section taken on the taken on the i r ,Fig. 21 shows the manner in which the string supporting the mirror of the modifica-; tion. shownin Fig. 20 are attached to the low. I

Fig. 22 is a front elevation illustrating a further modification of the invention.

Fig. 23 is a section on the line 23 -28 of Fig. 22 and shows the construction of the upper end of the low frequency winding or 8 coil.

' Fig, 24 isa horizontal section on the line 2 l 24 of Fig. 22.

Fig. 25 illustrates an arrangement whereby a single light source may be used for simultaneously scanning an object and tracing an image in a two-way television system.

Fig. 26. is an elevation of a lamp which may shown in Fig. 25.

Fig. 27 isa side elevation of the lamp shown in Fig. 26.

In Figs. 1 to 8, and Figs.'13 and 14 there is illustrated one form of embodiment of the 9 invention comprising a supporting frame 30 having on the inside thereof two field poles 31 which are energized by direct current so as to produce a strong magnetic field. Pivotally mounted within the field producedbetween the poles 31 is a coil frame 32 carrying a coil 33, the plane of the coil being parallel to the lines of force in the field. The frame 32 is suspended in a manner to permit free vibration about a. vertical axis by means of a novel form of support comprising stirrups 34 attached to the sides of the coil frame and having holes 35 through which pass wires or strings 36, the free ends of the wires or strings being passed through holes in short bars 37 and these anchored by means of set screws 38. The wires 36 may be put under tension by means of thumbscrews 39 which are threaded into beveled nuts 40, the nuts 40 being prevented from turning owing to the fact that the bars 37 have turned over ears or lugs all between which the nuts are loosely retained. By manipulating the thumb screws 39 in suitable manner the coil frame 32 may be raised or lowered for purposes of adjustment and, when adjusted as desired set-screws 4.2 may be turned to lock the thumb screws 39.

Mounted within and upon the coil frame 32, with their axes transverse of the axes of poles 31, are two field coils 13 which are energized by direct current and pivotaliy mounted between the poles 13 is a second coil frame n. The frame lat supports a coil 45 and is suspended by stirrups 46 and wires 47 similar to the stirrups 34 and the wires 36 which may be adjusted or tensioned by means of an adjusting device. The adjusting device comprises a bridge 4E8 mounted on the frame 32 having notches over which pass the wires 17, said notches holding the wires in accurate spaced relation. Each bridge has journaled therein a shaft to which is fixed a worm wheel 4L9 cooperating with a worm shaft 50 journaled in the frame 32 and the ends of wires 47 are wound upon the shaft carrying the worm wheel. The shafts 50 may have a slot on one end whereby said shafts may be turned to tension of wires 47 or adjust the frame 44. Mounted within the frame 44 is a mirror 51 which is inclined slightly in the desired direction according to the position of the light source used in connection with the device.

The coils of the field poles 31 and 43 are connected to suitable binding posts DC for convenient connection to a source of direct current. The ends of coil 33 are likewise attached to binding posts LF which in practice will be connected to a source of alternating current of the order of ten cycles per second while the endsof coil 15 are connected to binding posts HF which will be connected to a source of high frequency alternating current, say of the order of 500 cycles per second.

It will be clear that the coil frame 32 will be vibrated about its vertical axis at a rate equal to the frequency of the low frequency alternating current supplied to the coil 33 while the coil frame 4.4. will be vibrated about a horizontal axis at right angles to the axis of vibration of frame 32 and at a. rate of vibration equal to the frequency of the high frequency current supplied to the coil 45. The consequency is that a beam of light reflected from the mirror 51 will trace an image or object several hundred times per second.

Figs. 9 to 12 illustrate a modified arrangement for securing vibration of the mirror. Similar reference characters with the subscript b refer to corresponding parts in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive. The frame 30a carries field coils 31a producing a strong magnetic field therebetween within which is suspended a vibrable frame 32a by means of wires 36a and tension devices similar to the tension device shown in Figs. 13 and 1 1. The frame 32a carries coils 52 cooperating with the poles 31a and also field poles 43a. Vibrably mounted in the frame 32a is a frame 44a supported in the same manner as the frame 32a and carrying coils 53 similar to the coils 52. The pole pieces of the poles 31a and 43a are provided with ribs 54 coacting with similar ribs 55 formed in the pole pieces supporting the coils 52 and 53.

It will be clear that, when direct current is supplied to the poles 31a, 43a, high fre quency alternating current to coils 53', and low frequency alternating current to coil 52, the mirror 51a will be vibrated in two directions at right angles to each other as in the case of the form illustrated in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive. The purpose of the ribs 54, 55 is to insure that the vibration will commence as soon as the coils 52, 53 are energized'and reduces the chances of the mirror remaining stationary as a consequence of the poles carrying coils 52 and 53 becoming co-axial with the poles 31a and 13a, that is it eliminates the possibility of. the parts remaining in a dead center position and reduces the time required for the mirror to produce the required number of traces of the object or image.

Figs. 15 to 18 illustrate a further modification of the invention and show a simplified construction. The frame 326 is similar in construction and actuation to the frame 32a of the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 9 to 12. The frame 326 carries coils 52b energized by low frequency alternating current as in the case of the coils 52 hereinbefore mentioned and also carries coils 53b energized by high frequency alternating cur rent. Suspended between offset tips 555 of the pole pieces surrounded by coils 53b is a permanent magnet 56 carrying the mirror flit] The ends of the strip 18). It'will be obvious that the strip 57 may be put under tension by simply turning the screws 59 by means'of a suitable key inserted in the holes 60 providedfor the purpose in theheads of said screws. A set screw 61 permits ready adjustment ofthe permanent magnet56 longitudinally of the strip 57.; It will be obvious that the permanent magnet 56 and'the coils 53?) energized by high frequency alternating current behave in exactly the same. manner .as the poles 43a and coils:53 (Figs.

9 to 12) to produce a high-rate of vibration 6 of mirror 51?) in a vertical direction;

Figs. 19 to 21 show a modified arrangement for producing'the high frequency vibration of the mirror. The frame 320 carries; field poles 43c energized by direct. current so as to produce a strong magnetic field. The pole pieces of the poles 430 are narrowed as shown in Figs. 19 and 20 so as to concentra-te the magnetic field, and stretched with are anchored to insulated blocks 63 carried by the frame 32a.- The wire 62 is looped:

the mirror 510. The wire '62 may be tight-- encd by turning screws 66. When a high frequency current is passed through the wire 62 by connecting the blocks 63 to a source of such current through a suitable flexible connection the parts will function like an oscillograph vibrator element and the mirror 510' will be vibrated at a high frequency. Suitable screws 67 permit ready removal and replacement of the wire 62whenever desired.

Figs. 22, 23, and 24 illustrate a further modification in which the main vibratory frame 32d carries field poles 81d and 43d en:

ergized by direct current and is suspended within a coil 33d energized by low frequencyalternating current, the style of suspension from the main frame 30d being the same in construction as for the frame 32a in Fig. 9. The coil 33d is formed to fit a coil frame comprising side pieces 68 and a protective sheath 69 between said side pieces and outside of the coil. The sheath 69 is slightly enlarged and from the frame'32cl to pass. The side pieces 68 are flanged as at 71 to hold the coil in place whilebent over lugs 7 2 further serve to retain the coil and its frame in assembled relation. Lugs 7 3 hold the side frame in place on the frame 30d. The inner vibratory The block 6'5 lies-between the pole current. In consequence of the energization of the coils 31d, 33d, 43d, andthe. coil carried by frame 44d the mirror 51d carried by said frame will vibrate continuously to produce the desired number-oftraces according tothe frequencies selected. I .6 Y

Fig. 25 illustrates an arrangement whereby a single vibratory mirror and a single light source may be utilized to produce simulta- V neously the scanning ofan object and tracing an image. A light source 7 4 is mounted at one end of a tube 7 5 having two branches 76,

7 7 Mirrors '7 8, 7 9 are mounted in such fashframe 44d is similar in its arrangement' and mounting to the frame 44, Fig.1 and itscoil is energized by high frequency. alternating ion thathalf ofthe light from source74 is reflected axially of the branches 7 6, 77. Each branch 7 6, 7 7 has mounted therein asuitable lens system to focus a beam upon the vibra- Jtory mirror 51 which may be vibrated by any of the arrangements already described herein. A Kerr cell ismounted within the 81 received-from the light source and accordlng'to variations in the current received from the out-put side of the amplifier unit. It will in said field is a wire 62 the free ends of which be clear, that the reflected beams 82, 83 will be directed differently owing to the different angles of incidence of the two beams reflected from mirrors 7 8, 9, consequently. an image may be traced independently of the simultaneous scanning of the object.

Figs. 26, 27 illustrate a novel form oflight source comprising an incandescent lamp hav ing an evacuated globe 84 attached to thread- 7 ed base 85"and containing afilament 86 whichpreferably consists of a closely wound straight coil of wire of tungsten or metal of 'like'light producing properties when heated to incandescence by passage of an electric current. The coil 86 is supported by rigid wires 87 which also serve as current conductors and is arranged with its axis at right globe. Mounted upon rigid ;WlI8S 88 is a cylindrical reflector 89, preferably, of the parabolic type, and arranged so that the axis ofthe filament 86 will be in the focal line of the parabolic mirror. It will beobvious that such a light source will reflect a substantially rectangular beam oflight.

The present invention may be modified as to details and arrangement, therefore,=it is not desired to limit its scope to the precise rent may be used as well. Nor isfthe'term Kerr celliito be construediaslimited to the angles to the axis of symmetry of the base and particular type of means shown for varying the intensity of light as it is intended to cover all equivalents of a Kerr cell or so-called Karolus cell.

\Vhat is claimed is:

I. In combination, a member provided with means for producing a fixed magnetic field, a member suspended in said field and itself having means for producing a fixed 'magnetic field transverse to the first magnetic field, said member being mounted for vibration on the axis of its own fixed magnetic field, a mirror carrying member mount ed in the second member for vibration aroimd an axis at angles to the axis of the latter, and means for producing alternate magnetic fields of different frequencies in said second member and said mirror carrying member.

7 2. In combination, a base, means mounted thereon for producing a constant magnetic field, a member pivotally mounted in said magnetic field and carrying a low frequency coil and having means for producing a magnetic field at an angle to the first magnetic field, and a mirror carrying member pivotally mounted in the first said member in the field of the latter and having a high frequency coil, whereby the two members are virbrated in different planes and at different N high frequency coil to vibrate it in the field of the coils carried by said frame.

4:. In: combination, a supporting frame, field producing coils mounted on the opposite sides of said supporting frame, a vibratory frame carrying a low frequency coil mounted in the field of the coils of said supporting frame, field producing coils mounted on opposite sides of the vibratory frame to produce a magnetic field at an angle to that produced by the coils of the supporting frame, and a mirror carrying member mounted in the vibratory frame for vibration in a plane at right angles to the plane of vibration of said frame and carrying a A high frequency coil in the field of the coils til mounted on the vibratory frame.

- 5. In combination, a frame provided with means for producing a constant magnetic field, a second frame mounted for vibratory movement in the first said frame in the field of the latter and carrying a coil for energization by an alternating current, means for producing a constant magnetic field across the second frame at an angle to the field of the supporting frame and in the direction of the axis of vibration of the second frame, and a mirror carrying member mounted in said second frame for vibration on an axis at right angles to the axis of the vibration of said second frame, said mirror carrying member being provided with a coil for energization by an alternating current of a difierent frequency from that by which the coil of the second said frame is energized.

6. In combination, a frame provided with means for producing a constant magnetic field thereacross, a second frame mounted in the first frame for vibration around an axis at an angle to said magnetic field, and a mirror carrying member mounted in said second frame for vibration around an axis at an angle to the axis of vibration of said second frame, the latter having means for producing a constant magnetic field in the direction of the axis of vibration of the second frame, the said second frame and mirror carrying member being provided with coils for energize-tion by alternating currents to effect their vibrations in their respective magnetic fields.

7. In combination, a frame provided with means for producing a constant magnetic field thercacross, a second frame mounted in the first frame for vibration around an axis at an angle to said magnetic field, and a mirror carrying member mounted in said second frame for vibration around an axis at an angle to the axis of vibration of said second frame, the latter having means for producing a constant magnetic field in the direction of the axis of vibration of the second frame, the said second frame and mirror carrying member being provided with coils for energization by alternating currents of different frequencies to efiect their vibration in their respective magnetic fields.

8. In combination, a frame provided with means for producing a constant magnetic field thereacross, a second frame disposed in the first said frame and having means for producing a constant magnetic field thereacross at right angles to the field of the first said frame, means for mounting said second frame for vibration on the axis of its own magnetic field, a mirror carrying member disposed in the second frame, and means for supporting said mirror carrying member for 'ibratory movement on the axis of the first magnetic field, the mirror carrying member and the second said frame being provided with coils for energization by alternating current to vibrate the second said frame and mirror carrying member on angularly related axes.

9. In combination, a frame provided with means for producing a constant magnetic field thereacross, a second frame disposed'in the first said frame and having means for producing a constant magnetic field thereacross at right angles to the field of the first said frame, means for mounting said second frame for vibration onthe axis of its own magnetic field, a mirror carrying member disposed in the second frame, and means for supporting said mirror carrying member for V vibratory movement on the axis of the first magnetic field, the mirror carrying member and the second said frame being, provided mounted in said member and vibrable at right angles to the axis of vibration of the latter, said member having a high frequency current coil for co-operation with the second-named meanswhereby to cause high frequency vibration of the second member, and a mirror carried by the second-named member. l

In testimony whereof I hereby affix my signature.

MELGHOR CENTENO V.

with coils for energization by alternating current to vibrate the second said frame and mirror carrying member on angular-1y related axes, the means for supporting the second frame and mirror carrymg members comprising spaced strands disposed on opposlte sides of each and swinging the second said vibratory movement on the axis of the first.

magnetic field, the mirror carrying member and the second said frame being provided with coils for energization by alternating current to vibrate the second said frame and mirror carrying member on angularly related axes, the means for supporting-the second frame and mirror carrying members comprising spaced strands disposed on opposite sides of each and swinging the second said frame in the first frame and the mirror carrying member in the second frame, and adjustable means for tensioning said strands.

11. In combination, a light source, a tube provided with a duality of branches and having the light source mounted at one end thereof, mirrors mounted in said tube adjacent said branches, a remotely spaced vibratory mirror towards which the axis of' said branches converge, the mirrors disposed in said tube being positioned at such angles as to direct the light source on said vibratory mirror at a common point and a light valve disposed in said tube between said branches.

12. In combination, a base, means mounted in the base for producing a constant magnetic field, a member pivotally mounted in said field and having a low frequency current coil whereby said member is caused to vibrate at a low frequency, means'carried by the member for producing a constant magnetic field at right angles to said first-named field, a second vibrable member pivotally as a? 

